Why We Are Not Allowed to Visit Antarctica?

Weve all dreamed of visiting the Arctic and witnessing the natural wonders of polar bears frolicking on ice floes or the aurora borealis dancing across the sky. Well, sorry to break it to you, but you wont find any tourists flocking to Antarctica anytime soon. Why, you may ask? Lets dive into it. First off, where is Antarctica? Its located in the southern hemisphere, specifically at the South Pole. The southern ocean surrounds it and most of the continent is covered by ice, making it one of the most remote and frigid places on Earth. Now have you ever met someone who's visited Antarctica? Probably not. It's one of the least visited places on the planet and only a handful of lucky explorers have seen its interior, which is mostly made up of glaciers and ice fields. But trust me when I say the wildlife and scenery are out of this world. Why shouldnt you travel to Antarctica? Well, for starters, the environment is incredibly fragile and can be easily damaged. Plus there are no native human populations on the continent. So your travels would essentially be like visiting an uninhabited island. And lets not forget that its also one of the most expensive destinations to travel to.

The Antarctic Treaty and Environmental Protection

Despite all that, Antarctica is not exactly guarded like a fortress. But there is an international agreement called the Antarctic Treaty. This treaty was negotiated to prevent any unwanted activity on the continent and banned some forms of testing done there by member states. But the primary reason we cant just waltz into Antarctica is that it has a delicate ecosystem that needs protection. The treaty states that Antarctica should be used for peaceful purposes only and should be free from any human activity that could harm the environment. Scientists are still learning about the continents unique ecosystem and our activity and machines could disrupt the delicate balance that exists there. If you're still itching to go to Antarctica, getting permission isn't exactly a walk in the park. Us citizens, for example, need to complete a special form and send it to the office of Ocean and Polar affairs. And once you're there, you'll need to follow some strict guidelines to protect the environment, like not disturbing any wildlife or taking souvenirs like rocks, plants or animals.

Challenges of Living in Antarctica

Now, technically, can you live in Antarctica? While there are no laws banning people from living there permanently, it's a very inhospitable environment and unsuitable for human habitation. Temperatures can reach negative 76 degrees fahrenheit and below, making it nearly impossible for anyone to survive without the proper equipment and experience. Plus, the nearest piece of land is over 1000 miles away, making any inhabitants completely cut off from the rest of the world. Who knows? Maybe one day we'll get the chance to visit this unique and fascinating continent, but until then, let's admire it from afar. Let's now talk a bit about the discovery of Antarctica. Unlike other places that were already inhabited, Antarctica never had a native human population. Ancient greek philosophers had an idea about the continent and called it antarctos, meaning opposite the bear. The bears it refers to are not the polar ones, though, but rather the great and little bear constellations, which are only observable in the northern hemisphere. As a result, the term signifies the opposite of the land of the bear.

Discovery and Exploration of Antarctica

Whaling and sealing voyages in the late 17 hundreds and early 18 hundreds would venture further south. When rounding Cape Horn at the tip of South America, it was known that going further south often meant stronger winds, but also the risk of hitting floating ice of all sizes and of winds and seas that could prove dangerous to the ship and crew. Captain James Cook was the first to cross the Antarctic Circle on January 17, 1773 in the Ross Sea region. He reached a point further north a year later, and though he didnt sight land, he came to within 50 miles and saw deposits of rock held in icebergs, indicating that a more southerly land existed. The first sighting of Antarctica is widely acknowledged to have taken place in January of 1820, during the voyage of two ships under the command of Captain Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen as part of a two year exploratory expedition around the world to discover new lands. The captains ships were the first to have crossed the Antarctic Circle since Cook. The first undisputed landing on Antarctica didnt happen until much later, on January 24, 1895, at Cape Adare. The whaling voyage of the ship Antarctic, led by Henrik Bull, a small boat with six or possibly seven men on board, rowed ashore. During calm conditions.

Antarctica: A Cold Desert

You might not believe it, but Antarctica is actually a desert. With all that ice, you'd think it'd be like a winter wonderland with snowball fights and hot cocoa all day long. When we think of deserts, we picture camels and cacti and people struggling to find water. But in Antarctica, its a whole different story. The struggle isnt to find water, its to find anything thats not covered in ice. And the average rainfall has been just over 0.4 inches in the past 30 years. Thats like a few drops of rain compared to what were used to. So technically, its not the dunes or sizzling heat that makes a desert, well, a desert. Its the lack of precipitation. But dont worry. If you ever find yourself lost in Antarctica, you wont have to worry about getting thirsty. Just make sure you bring a jacket and some mittens, because its cold enough to make you into a popsicle. Not only is Antarctica one of the driest places on Earth, but its also the coldest, the windiest and the highest.

Timekeeping in Antarctica

Talk about overachieving. The penguins and scientists down in Antarctica have at times found themselves in a bit of a pickle when it comes to time. You see, unlike the rest of us on this big blue planet, there is no Antarctica time zone. All the lines of longitude meet at a single point at the south Pole, making it a bit of a head scratcher when trying to figure out what time it is now you might be thinking, but how do the scientists and researchers keep track of time down there? Good question. They typically stick to the time zone of the country they departed from. However, with stations from all over the world on the antarctic peninsula, things can get a little wacky. Imagine trying to coordinate with your neighboring countries without accidentally waking them up in the middle of the night. You might think that not much could survive in a place where the temperature is extremely cold, the sun barely shows up and the wind could blow you away faster than a tumbleweed.

Wildlife in Antarctica: Penguins, Seals, and Whales

Well, as in many places on earth, life found a way in Antarctica too. Believe it or not, this frozen continent is buzzing with activity. It's home to billions of krill, which in turn attract lots of seals and more penguins than you can shake a fish at. But don't let their cute and cuddly appearance fool you. Penguins are the ultimate swimmers. With streamlined bodies that would make Olympic medal winners jealous. They come ashore to breed and chill, but their real talent is stealing pebbles from each other and forming mathematically precise huddles to stay warm. Antarctica is also home to the largest species of penguin on Earth. Its called the emperor penguin. Sure these creatures are flightless birds but that doesnt mean they cant jump. In fact, some of them can leap up to 120 inches. And lets not forget about the seals. With their furry bodies and special songs. These marine mammals are protected by the Antarctic Treaty and they're thriving in the cool waters of the southern ocean too. But the real stars of the show are the whales. During the antarctic summer, these huge creatures show up in droves to chow down on the abundant krill. It's indeed like a whale buffet down there.